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SPARC (the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition) defines Open Access as, "Open Access is the free, immediate, online availability of research articles coupled with the rights to use these articles fully in the digital environment. Open Access ensures that anyone can access and use these results—to turn ideas into industries and breakthroughs into better lives." (Definition retrieved from https://sparcopen.org/open-access/). Open Access Image created by Nick Shockey under a CC BY 4.0.
Key Declarations & Statements
Budapest Open Access Initiative (December 01-02, 2001): "An old tradition and a new technology have converged to make possible an unprecedented public good. The old tradition is the willingness of scientists and scholars to publish the fruits of their research in scholarly journals without payment, for the sake of inquiry and knowledge. The new technology is the internet. The public good they make possible is the world-wide electronic distribution of the peer-reviewed journal literature and completely free and unrestricted access to it by all scientists, scholars, teachers, students, and other curious minds. Removing access barriers to this literature will accelerate research, enrich education, share the learning of the rich with the poor and the poor with the rich, make this literature as useful as it can be, and lay the foundation for uniting humanity in a common intellectual conversation and quest for knowledge..."
Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing (Released June 20, 2003): "Our organizations sponsor and nurture scientific research to promote the creation and dissemination of new ideas and knowledge for the public benefit. We recognize that publication of results is an essential part of scientific research and the costs of publication are part of the cost of doing research. We already expect that our faculty and grantees share their ideas and discoveries through publication. This mission is only half-completed if the work is not made as widely available and as useful to society as possible. The Internet has fundamentally changed the practical and economic realities of distributing published scientific knowledge and makes possible substantially increased access..."
Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities (October 22, 2003) : " Preface: The Internet has fundamentally changed the practical and economic realities of distributing scientific knowledge and cultural heritage. For the first time ever, the Internet now offers the chance to constitute a global and interactive representation of human knowledge, including cultural heritage and the guarantee of worldwide access."
Declarations in support of OA - "This is a list of declarations, principles, and public statements in support of open access" (Suber, OAD, par. 1)
A brief timeline of Open Access - Created by Symplectic in celebration of the 8th International Open Access Week.
Groups & Organizations in Support of OA
Harvard Open Access Project "The Harvard Open Access Project (HOAP) fosters the growth of open access to research, within Harvard and beyond, using a combination of consultation, collaboration, community-building, and direct assistance." (Harvard Open Access Project)
